一、WBYD-75KVA/100KV試驗變壓器概述
YDQ系(xi)列高壓(ya)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)是根據(ju)《試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)》標準(zhun)，在(zai)油浸式試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基礎上而設計(ji)生產(chan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。SF6氣(qi)(qi)體具(ju)有(you)良好的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)(qi)絕(jue)(jue)緣性能及優(you)異的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)滅弧性能，其耐壓(ya)強度為同一(yi)壓(ya)力下(xia)氮氣(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)2.5倍(bei)，擊穿電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)空氣(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)2.5倍(bei)。在(zai)0.25MPa下(xia)與油的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)擊穿電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)相等(deng)，在(zai)0.45MPa壓(ya)力下(xia)是油的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)擊穿電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)2倍(bei)，是一(yi)種優(you)于油的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)新一(yi)代超高壓(ya)絕(jue)(jue)緣介(jie)質材(cai)料(liao)。該產(chan)品技(ji)術要求完全符合《ZBK-41006-89》標準(zhun)，它是油浸式輕型試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)換代產(chan)品。該產(chan)品具(ju)有(you)體積(ji)小、重量(liang)輕、不受(shou)氣(qi)(qi)候變(bian)化影(ying)響、電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈小、現(xian)場搬運無需靜止可使用(yong)，使用(yong)壽命長(chang)、免維修(xiu)等(deng)特點。適(shi)用(yong)于電(dian)(dian)(dian)力系(xi)統、工(gong)礦(kuang)企業(ye)、科(ke)研(yan)部門(men)等(deng)對各(ge)種高壓(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)(qi)設備、電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)(qi)元(yuan)件、絕(jue)(jue)緣材(cai)料(liao)進行工(gong)頻或(huo)直流高壓(ya)下(xia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)絕(jue)(jue)緣強度試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)。
二、WBYD-75KVA/100KV試驗變壓器器產品結構
YDQ系列高(gao)壓試驗變壓器(qi)采用單(dan)框芯式(shi)鐵芯結(jie)構(gou)，初級繞(rao)組繞(rao)在鐵芯上，高(gao)壓繞(rao)組在外，這(zhe)種同軸布置減少了漏磁(ci)通，因而增大了繞(rao)組間的耦(ou)合。產品的外殼(ke)為圓(yuan)柱灌式(shi)容器(qi)結(jie)構(gou)，能耐受0.8MPa以上壓力。其結(jie)構(gou)見圖(tu)1：
三、WBYD-75KVA/100KV試驗變壓器工作原理
YDQ系列高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)試(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)為(wei)單相(xiang)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)，聯結組(zu)標號(hao)Ⅰ.Ⅰ. 用工頻220V(10kVA以上為(wei)380V)電(dian)源接入 (為(wei)本(ben)公(gong)司(si)生產的試(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)配套專用設備，詳(xiang)細資料請見其具(ju)體使用說明書(shu))系列操作(zuo)箱(xiang)(臺(tai))，經操作(zuo)箱(xiang)內自(zi)偶調(diao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(50kVA以上調(diao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)外附)調(diao)節至0～200V(或(huo)0～400V)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)輸出至YDQ試(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)的初級繞組(zu)，根據電(dian)磁感應原理，在(zai)試(shi)驗(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)繞組(zu)可獲得試(shi)驗(yan)所需的高(gao)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)。
單臺YDQ系列高壓試驗變壓器的工(gong)作原理圖(tu)見圖(tu)2。
單臺YDQ系列(lie)交直流(liu)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)試驗變壓(ya)(ya)器的工作(zuo)原理(li)圖(tu)見圖(tu)3，圖(tu)中(zhong)(zhong)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)套管中(zhong)(zhong)裝(zhuang)有高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)硅(gui)堆(dui)，串接(jie)在高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)回路中(zhong)(zhong)作(zuo)半波(bo)整流(liu)，以獲得(de)直流(liu)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)。當用一短(duan)路桿(gan)將高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)硅(gui)堆(dui)短(duan)接(jie)時，可獲得(de)工頻高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)，作(zuo)為交流(liu)輸出狀態；取消短(duan)路桿(gan)時，作(zuo)為直流(liu)輸出狀態。
試驗變壓(ya)器高壓(ya)套管中的(de)高壓(ya)硅(gui)堆未(wei)畫出，其(qi)原理與上圖相同。
三(san)(san)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)串級(ji)獲得更高(gao)(gao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)(de)(de)接(jie)(jie)線原理見圖4。串級(ji)高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)有(you)很大的(de)(de)(de)(de)優越性，因為(wei)整(zheng)個試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)裝置由(you)幾臺(tai)(tai)(tai)單臺(tai)(tai)(tai)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)組(zu)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，單臺(tai)(tai)(tai)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)容(rong)量(liang)小、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)低、重量(liang)輕(qing)，便于運輸和(he)安裝。它(ta)既(ji)然(ran)可串接(jie)(jie)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)高(gao)(gao)出(chu)幾倍的(de)(de)(de)(de)單臺(tai)(tai)(tai)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)輸出(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)組(zu)合使(shi)(shi)用，又可分(fen)開成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)幾套單臺(tai)(tai)(tai)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)單獨(du)使(shi)(shi)用。整(zheng)套裝置投資(zi)小，經濟實惠(hui)。圖5中(zhong)，在**級(ji)和(he)**級(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)每個單元試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)中(zhong)都有(you)一(yi)個勵磁(ci)繞(rao)組(zu)A1、C1和(he)A2、C2。在三(san)(san)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)串級(ji)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)基本原理中(zhong)，低壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源加在試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅰ的(de)(de)(de)(de)初(chu)(chu)級(ji)繞(rao)組(zu)a1x1上，單臺(tai)(tai)(tai)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ的(de)(de)(de)(de)輸出(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)都是V。勵磁(ci)繞(rao)組(zu)A1、C1給**級(ji)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅱ的(de)(de)(de)(de)初(chu)(chu)級(ji)繞(rao)組(zu)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)；**級(ji)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅱ的(de)(de)(de)(de)勵磁(ci)繞(rao)組(zu)A2、C2給第三(san)(san)級(ji)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅲ的(de)(de)(de)(de)初(chu)(chu)級(ji)繞(rao)組(zu)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。**級(ji)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅱ和(he)第三(san)(san)級(ji)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅲ的(de)(de)(de)(de)箱(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)體(ti)分(fen)別(bie)(bie)處在對地(di)(di)為(wei)1V和(he)2V的(de)(de)(de)(de)高(gao)(gao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)位上，所(suo)以(yi)箱(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)體(ti)對地(di)(di)是絕緣的(de)(de)(de)(de)，試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)Ⅰ的(de)(de)(de)(de)箱(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)體(ti)是接(jie)(jie)地(di)(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)。這樣**級(ji)、**級(ji)、第三(san)(san)級(ji)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)對地(di)(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)額(e)定輸出(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)分(fen)別(bie)(bie)為(wei)1V、2V、3V；其(qi)額(e)定容(rong)量(liang)分(fen)別(bie)(bie)為(wei)3P、2P、1P。
YDQ系列高(gao)壓(ya)試(shi)驗變壓(ya)器(qi)做被試(shi)品的(de)工頻耐(nai)壓(ya)試(shi)驗使用接(jie)線原理圖見圖5。
圖中：R1—限流電阻 FRC—阻容分(fen)壓器 RF—球間(jian)隙(xi)保(bao)護電阻 G—球間(jian)隙(xi) CX—被試品
注：高壓尾(wei)必須可靠(kao)接(jie)地
工頻耐壓(ya)(ya)(ya)試(shi)驗中限(xian)(xian)流電(dian)阻(zu)(zu)R1應根據試(shi)驗變壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器的額(e)定容(rong)量來選擇。如高壓(ya)(ya)(ya)側額(e)定輸出電(dian)流在(zai)100～300mA時，可取0.5～1Ω/V(試(shi)驗電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya))；高壓(ya)(ya)(ya)側額(e)定輸出電(dian)流為(wei)1A以(yi)上時，可取1Ω/V(試(shi)驗電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya))。常用(yong)水電(dian)阻(zu)(zu)作為(wei)限(xian)(xian)流電(dian)阻(zu)(zu)，管子長度可按(an)150kV/m考慮，管子粗細應具有足夠的熱容(rong)量(水阻(zu)(zu)液配制方法：用(yong)蒸餾水加入適(shi)量硫酸銅配制成各種不同(tong)的阻(zu)(zu)值)。
球間(jian)(jian)隙(xi)及保(bao)護(hu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻：當電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)超過球間(jian)(jian)隙(xi)整定值時(shi)(一(yi)般取試(shi)驗電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)的110%~120%)，球間(jian)(jian)隙(xi)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)，對被試(shi)品起到保(bao)護(hu)作用。球間(jian)(jian)隙(xi)保(bao)護(hu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻可按1Ω/V(試(shi)驗電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya))選取。
在工頻(pin)耐壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)試驗(yan)(yan)中，低電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)側測量(liang)(liang)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(儀(yi)表電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya))不是非常(chang)準確(que)的(de)，其原因是由于(yu)試驗(yan)(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)存在著(zhu)(zhu)漏抗，在這個(ge)漏抗上(shang)必然存在著(zhu)(zhu)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)降(jiang)或容升，使試品上(shang)的(de)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)低于(yu)或高(gao)(gao)于(yu)低壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)側測量(liang)(liang)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)表上(shang)反(fan)映出(chu)來(lai)的(de)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)。工頻(pin)耐壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)試驗(yan)(yan)時(shi)，被(bei)試品上(shang)的(de)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)高(gao)(gao)于(yu)試驗(yan)(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)的(de)輸出(chu)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，也(ye)就是所謂容升現象。感應(ying)耐壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)試驗(yan)(yan)時(shi)，試驗(yan)(yan)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)的(de)漏抗必然存在著(zhu)(zhu)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)降(jiang)。為了(le)準確(que)測量(liang)(liang)被(bei)試品上(shang)所施(shi)加的(de)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，因此(ci)常(chang)在高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)側接(jie)入FRC阻容分壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)來(lai)測量(liang)(liang)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(見圖5)。
工頻耐壓試驗操作注意事項
1）試(shi)(shi)驗人(ren)員(yuan)應做(zuo)好分(fen)工，明確相互間聯系方法。并有專門人(ren)監護現場**及觀察試(shi)(shi)品狀態。
2）被試品應先清掃干(gan)凈，并**干(gan)燥，以免損壞(huai)被試品和(he)試驗帶來的誤差。
3）對于大型(xing)試(shi)驗(yan)，一(yi)般都應先進行空(kong)升試(shi)驗(yan)。即不接試(shi)品時升壓(ya)至試(shi)驗(yan)電壓(ya)，校對各種表計，調整球(qiu)間隙。
4）升壓(ya)(ya)速度不能太(tai)快，并必須防止(zhi)突(tu)然(ran)加壓(ya)(ya)。例(li)如(ru)調壓(ya)(ya)器不在零位時(shi)突(tu)然(ran)合(he)閘。也不能突(tu)然(ran)切斷(duan)電源，一般應在調壓(ya)(ya)器降至零位時(shi)拉閘。
5）當電(dian)壓升(sheng)至試(shi)驗(yan)電(dian)壓時，開始計時，到1min后(hou)，迅速(su)降壓到1/3試(shi)驗(yan)電(dian)壓以下時，才(cai)能拉開電(dian)源。
6）在(zai)升(sheng)壓(ya)或耐壓(ya)試驗(yan)過程中(zhong)，如(ru)發現下列(lie)不(bu)正(zheng)常情況時(shi)，應立(li)即降壓(ya)，切斷電源。停(ting)止(zhi)試驗(yan)并(bing)查明原因：①電壓(ya)表指(zhi)針(zhen)擺動很大；②發現絕緣燒焦或冒煙；③被試品內有(you)不(bu)正(zheng)常的聲(sheng)音。
7）耐壓試驗前后應測量(liang)絕緣(yuan)電阻(zu)，檢查絕緣(yuan)情況。
試(shi)驗變壓器在做(zuo)被試(shi)品的直流耐壓或泄露試(shi)驗時接線(xian)原理圖(tu)如圖(tu)6。
注：此試(shi)驗應先抽出短路桿“D”，圖6中所示。
圖中：VD—高(gao)壓(ya)硅堆 R1—限流電阻 C1—高(gao)壓(ya)濾波(bo)電容(rong) FRC—阻容(rong)分(fen)壓(ya)器 CX—被試品 μA—帶保(bao)護微安表
泄露試(shi)驗中限流電(dian)阻R1選擇(ze)在額定(ding)輸出(chu)電(dian)壓(ya)時，輸出(chu)端短路(lu)電(dian)流不超過(guo)高壓(ya)硅堆的*大整流。如電(dian)壓(ya)硅堆的*大整流電(dian)流為100mA時用于(yu)60kV的試(shi)驗裝置(zhi)中，限流電(dian)阻按R1=60/0.1=600kΩ選擇(ze)。限流電(dian)阻還應具有足夠的容(rong)量和沿(yan)面放電(dian)距離。
高壓濾波電(dian)容C1一般選擇(ze)在0.01~0.1μF，當被試(shi)品的電(dian)容量很大(da)時，C1可(ke)省略不用。
泄露試驗(yan)的操作及注意事項
1）試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)前(qian)應先檢(jian)查被試(shi)品(pin)是(shi)否(fou)停電，接地(di)放(fang)電，一切對(dui)外(wai)連(lian)線是(shi)否(fou)擦(ca)干凈。要嚴防將試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)電壓加到有人工作的部位上去。
2）接(jie)(jie)好(hao)試驗裝置的接(jie)(jie)線后，應復查無誤后才可加壓(ya)。應特別(bie)注意檢查高壓(ya)設備及引線與地(di)(di)、與操作人(ren)員的**距離(li)，被試品的外殼是否可靠接(jie)(jie)地(di)(di)，要按**規程中所規定的內容(rong)進行試驗。
3）對于大電(dian)容量設備應緩慢升壓，防(fang)止被試(shi)品的(de)充(chong)電(dian)電(dian)流燒(shao)壞微安表。必(bi)要時應分(fen)級加壓，分(fen)別讀取各級電(dian)壓下(xia)微安表的(de)穩定讀數。
4）試(shi)驗過程中，應密切(qie)監視被試(shi)品、試(shi)驗裝置、微安表，一旦發生擊(ji)穿、閃爍等異常現象應立即降壓，切(qie)斷電源(yuan)，并查明原(yuan)因，詳細記錄。
5）試(shi)(shi)驗完畢，降(jiang)壓，切斷電(dian)源后應(ying)將被試(shi)(shi)品及(ji)試(shi)(shi)驗裝置(zhi)本身充(chong)分放電(dian)。
四、WBYD-75KVA/100KV試驗變壓器注意事項
1、按照您所進行的(de)(de)(de)試驗(yan)接好工作線路(lu)。試驗(yan)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)器的(de)(de)(de)外殼(ke)以及操作系(xi)統的(de)(de)(de)外殼(ke)必須可(ke)靠接地。試驗(yan)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)器高壓(ya)繞組的(de)(de)(de)X端(高壓(ya)尾)以及測(ce)量繞組的(de)(de)(de)F端必須可(ke)靠接地。
2、做(zuo)串(chuan)級(ji)試(shi)驗時，**級(ji)、第三級(ji)試(shi)驗變壓(ya)(ya)器的低壓(ya)(ya)繞組的X端(duan)(duan)，測(ce)量繞組的F端(duan)(duan)以(yi)及高壓(ya)(ya)繞組的X端(duan)(duan)(高壓(ya)(ya)尾(wei))均接本級(ji)試(shi)驗變壓(ya)(ya)器的外殼。**級(ji)、第三級(ji)試(shi)驗變壓(ya)(ya)器的外殼必須通過絕(jue)緣支(zhi)架接地。
3、接通(tong)電源前，操作(zuo)系(xi)統的(de)調壓器必須調到(dao)零位(wei)后方可接通(tong)電源，合閘，開(kai)始升壓。
4、從(cong)零(ling)開始(shi)均勻旋轉調壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器手輪升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)。升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)方(fang)法(fa)(fa)(fa)有：快速升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)法(fa)(fa)(fa)，即20s逐級(ji)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)法(fa)(fa)(fa)；慢速升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)法(fa)(fa)(fa)，即60s逐級(ji)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)法(fa)(fa)(fa)；極慢速升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)法(fa)(fa)(fa)供選用。電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)從(cong)零(ling)開始(shi)按一定的(de)(de)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)方(fang)式和速度上升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)到(dao)您所需(xu)的(de)(de)額(e)定試(shi)驗(yan)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)75%后，在以(yi)每秒2%額(e)定試(shi)驗(yan)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)速度升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)到(dao)您所需(xu)的(de)(de)額(e)定電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)，并密切(qie)注意測量儀表的(de)(de)指示以(yi)及(ji)被(bei)試(shi)品的(de)(de)情況。升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)過程(cheng)中(zhong)或試(shi)驗(yan)過程(cheng)中(zhong)如(ru)發現測量儀表的(de)(de)指示及(ji)被(bei)試(shi)品情況異常，應立即降壓(ya)(ya)(ya)，切(qie)斷電(dian)源，查明情況。
5、試(shi)驗完(wan)畢后(hou)，應在數秒(miao)內勻速的將調(diao)壓器返(fan)回(hui)至零位，然(ran)后(hou)切斷電源。
6、本產品不(bu)得超(chao)過(guo)額定參數使(shi)用。除試驗必須外，決不(bu)允許全(quan)電(dian)壓通電(dian)或斷電(dian)。
7、再升壓或(huo)耐壓試驗過程中(zhong)，如發現(xian)以下(xia)不正常(chang)情況時，應(ying)立即降壓，切斷(duan)電(dian)源(yuan)，停(ting)止試驗并查(cha)明原因。
⑴電壓表指針擺動(dong)(或數(shu)字跳動(dong))很大(da)
⑵電(dian)流表直線上升(sheng)
被(bei)試品內有不正常的聲音
8、圖1中第(di)9項(xiang)系壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力閥及壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力表，為長期關閉狀態。每6個(ge)月開閥一次，以檢查(cha)(cha)SF6壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力，應(ying)(ying)不小于0.2MPa(檢查(cha)(cha)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力后(hou)立(li)即關閉閥門)，低于0.2MPa時應(ying)(ying)加SF6氣體，以增加氣絕緣。
9、耐(nai)壓實驗前后應測量被試設(she)備的(de)絕(jue)緣電阻，檢(jian)查絕(jue)緣情況。
10、當試驗變壓器長期不使用時(shi)，應放置于通風、干(gan)燥、無陽光直射(she)的地方。
11、該產品不允(yun)許(xu)在高于45℃的溫(wen)度下(xia)長期存放、使用、放氣(qi)。
12、運輸搬運途中不得重(zhong)力沖擊(ji)。
13、產品(pin)緊固件及壓力(li)閥、壓力(li)表不得擅自松動。
14、使用本產品做(zuo)高壓(ya)(ya)試(shi)驗時，出熟悉本說明書(shu)外，還必須嚴格執(zhi)行國家(jia)有(you)關標準和(he)操作規程。可參照GB311-83《高壓(ya)(ya)輸(shu)變(bian)設(she)備的絕緣(yuan)配合，高壓(ya)(ya)試(shi)驗技術(shu)》；《電氣設(she)備預防性(xing)試(shi)驗規程》等。
五、WBYD-75KVA/100KV試驗變壓器容量選擇
標稱試(shi)驗變(bian)壓器(qi)容量Pn的確定(ding)公式：Pn=kVn 2ωCt×10-9
式(shi)中：
Pn——標稱試驗變壓器容(rong)量(kVA)
Vn——試驗變壓(ya)器的(de)額(e)定(ding)輸出高壓(ya)的(de)有效(xiao)值(kV)
k ——**系數(shu)。k≥1，標稱(cheng)電(dian)壓(ya)Vn≥1MV時(shi)，k=2；標稱(cheng)電(dian)壓(ya)較低(di)時(shi)，k值可取高一些。
Ct——被試(shi)品的電(dian)容量(pF)
ω——角頻(pin)率，ω=2πf， f——試驗電源的頻(pin)率
被試(shi)設備的電(dian)(dian)容量Ct可由交流(liu)電(dian)(dian)橋測出。Ct的變化很(hen)大，
可由(you)設(she)備的類型而定(ding)。
典(dian)型數據如下：
簡單的棒式或懸式絕(jue)緣子 ; 幾十(shi)微法
簡單的分(fen)級套管 100～1000pF
電壓互感器 ; 200 ～ 500pF
電(dian)力(li)變壓器(qi) < 1000kVA ～1000pF
> 1000kVA 1000～10000pF
高壓電力(li)電纜和(he)油浸(jin)紙(zhi)絕緣(yuan) 250～300pF/m
氣體絕緣 ～60pF/m
封閉變電(dian)站(zhan)，SF6氣體絕緣 100～10000Pf;
對(dui)于不同的(de)(de)試驗電壓Vn，選擇不同的(de)(de)(適(shi)當的(de)(de))**系數k。
以下列出不同的Vn所選用(yong)的k值供參考。
Vn =50~100kV ; k = 4
Vn =150~300kV k = 3
Vn > 300kV k = 2